Official Summaries

Protecting American Agriculture from Foreign Adversaries Act of 2025

This bill makes changes to the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS), including by requiring CFIUS to determine whether a national security review is necessary for reportable agricultural land transactions that are referred by the Department of Agriculture (USDA). (CFIUS oversees the national security risks of certain foreign investment in the United States. CFIUS has the authority to review covered transactions, which include mergers, acquisitions, and takeovers that could result in foreign control of a U.S. business; certain investments in businesses involved in critical technologies, critical infrastructure, or sensitive personal data; and certain real estate transactions.)

Specifically, the bill directs CFIUS to, after receiving notification from USDA, determine (1) whether a reportable agricultural land transaction is a covered transaction, and (2) whether CFIUS should initiate a national security review or take another action with respect to the transaction. 

Reportable agricultural land transaction means a transaction (1) that USDA has reason to believe is a covered transaction; (2) that involves the acquisition of an interest in agricultural land by a foreign person of China, North Korea, Russia, or Iran; and (3) with respect to which a foreign person is required to submit a report to USDA regarding their agricultural land transactions.

The bill also expands the membership of CFIUS to include the Secretary of Agriculture for covered transactions that involve agricultural land, agricultural biotechnology, or the agriculture industry (e.g., agricultural transportation, storage, and processing).

Current Full Text

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 1576 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 1576

  To amend the Defense Production Act of 1950 with respect to foreign 
   investments in United States agriculture, and for other purposes.


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                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           February 25, 2025

   Mr. Newhouse (for himself, Mr. Meuser, Mr. Guest, Mr. Latta, Ms. 
 Tenney, Mr. Moolenaar, Mr. Hamadeh of Arizona, Mr. Scott Franklin of 
Florida, Mr. Webster of Florida, Mr. Guthrie, Ms. Hageman, Mr. Weber of 
     Texas, Mr. Fleischmann, Mr. Bean of Florida, Mr. Ellzey, Mr. 
 Langworthy, Mrs. Hinson, Mr. Onder, Mr. Gooden, Mr. Bacon, Mr. Bost, 
  Mr. Evans of Colorado, Mr. Messmer, Mr. McDowell, Mr. Vasquez, Mr. 
 Flood, Mr. Van Orden, Mr. Johnson of South Dakota, Mrs. Miller-Meeks, 
    Mr. Valadao, Mr. Rose, Mr. Moore of West Virginia, Mr. Hurd of 
   Colorado, Mr. Joyce of Pennsylvania, Mr. Pfluger, Mrs. Miller of 
Illinois, Mr. Alford, Mr. Riley of New York, Ms. Boebert, and Mr. Nunn 
   of Iowa) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
 Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the Committees on 
     Foreign Affairs, and Energy and Commerce, for a period to be 
subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration 
  of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee 
                               concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To amend the Defense Production Act of 1950 with respect to foreign 
   investments in United States agriculture, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Protecting American Agriculture from 
Foreign Adversaries Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. INCLUSION OF SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE ON COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN 
              INVESTMENT IN UNITED STATES AND CONSIDERATION OF CERTAIN 
              AGRICULTURAL LAND TRANSACTIONS.

    (a) Inclusion on the Committee.--Section 721(k) of the Defense 
Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(k)) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
            ``(8) Inclusion of the secretary of agriculture.--The 
        Secretary of Agriculture shall be a member of the Committee 
        with respect to a covered transaction that involves--
                    ``(A) agricultural land;
                    ``(B) agriculture biotechnology; or
                    ``(C) the agriculture industry, including 
                agricultural--
                            ``(i) transportation;
                            ``(ii) storage; and
                            ``(iii) processing.''.
    (b) Consideration of Certain Agricultural Land Transactions.--
Section 721(b)(1) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 
4565(b)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(I) Consideration of certain agricultural land 
                transactions.--
                            ``(i) In general.--After receiving 
                        notification from the Secretary of Agriculture 
                        of a reportable agricultural land transaction, 
                        the Committee shall determine--
                                    ``(I) whether the transaction is a 
                                covered transaction; and
                                    ``(II) if the Committee determines 
                                that the transaction is a covered 
                                transaction, whether the Committee 
                                should initiate a review pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (D), or take another 
                                action authorized under this section, 
                                with respect to the reportable 
                                agricultural land transaction.
                            ``(ii) Reportable agricultural land 
                        transaction.--In this subparagraph, the term 
                        `reportable agricultural land transaction' 
                        means a transaction--
                                    ``(I) that the Secretary of 
                                Agriculture has reason to believe is a 
                                covered transaction;
                                    ``(II) that involves the 
                                acquisition of an interest in 
                                agricultural land by a foreign person 
                                of the People's Republic of China, the 
                                Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 
                                the Russian Federation, or the Islamic 
                                Republic of Iran; and
                                    ``(III) with respect to which a 
                                person is required to submit a report 
                                to the Secretary of Agriculture under 
                                section 2(a) of the Agricultural 
                                Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 
                                1978.
                            ``(iii) Sunset.--The requirements under 
                        this subparagraph shall terminate, with respect 
                        to a foreign person of the respective foreign 
                        country, on the date that the People's Republic 
                        of China, the Democratic People's Republic of 
                        Korea, the Russian Federation, or the Islamic 
                        Republic of Iran, as the case may be, is 
                        removed from the list of foreign adversaries in 
                        section 791.4 of title 15, Code of Federal 
                        Regulations.''.
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